Attribution

Expert: with sources and numbers. Plain: the same, without them, for beginners.

AdServices, AdAttributionKit and SKAdNetwork, what each is for, and why Apple Ads is measured differently.

Verified 2026-09-18 · 38 days ago apple-ads ios apple-ads attribution privacy

Three frameworks with overlapping names. The distinction that matters: AdServices is for Apple Ads; AdAttributionKit and SKAdNetwork are for everyone else.

AdServices: Apple Ads only

A The AdServices attribution API gives developers insight into how their Apple Ads campaigns perform, supporting campaign, placement, ad group and keyword-level attribution. It uses Apple’s first-party data only and has no information about whether a user viewed or clicked an ad outside the App Store. (Ad attribution overview, verified 2026-09-18)

Keyword-level attribution is the significant part. No other iOS ad measurement gives you that, and it is what makes the keyword harvesting loop possible (90-10). It works because Apple owns both the ad and the store. It is first-party measurement, not cross-party tracking.

AdAttributionKit and SKAdNetwork, everyone else

A SKAdNetwork was Apple’s first privacy-preserving attribution framework, powered by crowd anonymity. (AdAttributionKit and SKAdNetwork interoperability, verified 2026-09-18)

A AdAttributionKit lets registered ad networks and developers attribute installations and re-engagement to a campaign via a signed signal from Apple, limiting the data in the attribution postback, and builds on SKAdNetwork’s functionality. Same source. It is Apple’s newer framework, built on SKAdNetwork fundamentals.

A For ads on third-party advertising platforms, Apple offers AdAttributionKit. (Ad attribution, verified 2026-09-18)

Both deliberately limit what comes back: delayed, aggregated, coarse postbacks rather than user-level data. Covered further in 97-03.

They are complementary

A Apple Ads customers can use two freely available and complementary methods: the AdServices attribution API and measurement in AdAttributionKit. (Ad attribution overview, verified 2026-09-18)

So for Apple Ads you can have both, rich first-party data through AdServices, and the privacy-preserving postback path through AdAttributionKit. They will not agree, because they measure differently over different windows. That is expected, not a bug, and it should be stated in any report that quotes both.

The windows

A Apple Ads reporting attributes tap-through installs within a 30-day window and view-through installs within a one-day window, and both include new downloads and redownloads. (Reporting options and definitions, verified 2026-09-18)

These windows are not what your MMP uses, and neither matches AdAttributionKit’s postback timing. Three systems, three answers, all defensible. Pick one as the number of record, say which, and stop reconciling.

What this means practically

Apple Ads numbers will exceed MMP numbers, usually. Different windows, redownloads included, view-through counted. The gap is structural.

Do not average across systems. Choose the system of record per decision: AdServices for keyword and campaign optimisation inside Apple Ads; MMP for cross-channel comparison; AdAttributionKit for networks that cannot see inside the store.

Say which one a number came from. Every time. An unlabelled install figure starts an argument that cannot be resolved.

What goes wrong

Expecting Apple Ads and MMP figures to reconcile. They cannot.

Comparing Apple Ads CPA to another network’s CPA without noting the frameworks.

Treating AdServices as available for non-Apple ads. First-party only, Apple Ads only.

Mixing view-through and tap-through in one figure across placements. One day versus thirty.

Reporting installs without separating new downloads. Redownloads are included (90-09).

In short

Every fact on this page in one line, with its evidence tier, source and verification date, 4 A. Generated from the claim register, so it cannot drift from the page above.

A The AdServices attribution API provides Apple Ads campaign, placement, ad group and keyword-level attribution using Apple's first-party data only, and has no information about whether a user viewed or clicked an ad outside the App Store.
ADS-ATTR-001 · verified 2026-09-18
A AdAttributionKit lets registered advertising networks and developers attribute app installations and re-engagement to a campaign through a signed signal from Apple, limiting the data in the attribution postback, and builds on SKAdNetwork's functionality. SKAdNetwork was Apple's first privacy-preserving attribution framework, powered by crowd anonymity. For ads on third-party advertising platforms Apple offers AdAttributionKit.
ADS-ATTR-002 · verified 2026-09-18
A Apple states that Apple Ads customers can use two freely available and complementary attribution methods: the AdServices attribution API and measurement in AdAttributionKit.
ADS-ATTR-003 · verified 2026-09-18
A Apple Ads tap-through installs are counted within a 30-day window and view-through installs within a one-day window. Both include new downloads and redownloads, and total installs combines them. New downloads are reported separately as downloads from users who have not previously downloaded the app.
ADS-MET-002 · verified 2026-09-18

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